Non-Conventional Sources of Energy Notes PDF (Handwritten)

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These handwritten notes explain non-conventional energy sources in simple language for diploma and engineering students. The PDF covers fundamentals (why NCSE matter), a detailed solar energy section — solar cell and panel basics, voltage regulators, inverter and battery setup, solar cooker, flat-plate collector, solar water heater and solar pumping — plus bioenergy (biogas digester, biomass basics and composition). Diagrams and step-by-step sketches make concepts easy to remember and fast to revise before exams.

Key Topics Included:
- Energy Classification: Basics of Primary vs. Secondary, Commercial vs. Non-Commercial and the difference between Conventional and Non-Conventional sources.
- Solar Technology: Understanding Solar radiation (UV, Visible, IR), working of Photovoltaic (PV) cells and thermal devices like Solar Cookers, Water Heaters and Furnaces.
- Bio-Energy Systems: Difference between Biomass and Biogas, construction of a Biogas plant, and conversion methods like Anaerobic Digestion (Wet) and Pyrolysis or Gasification (Dry).
- Wind Energy: Types of Horizontal Axis (Single, Double, Multi-blade) and Vertical Axis (Savonius, Darrieus) turbines, Yaw control and storage methods like Flywheels and Compressed Air.
- Tidal & Geothermal: Generating power from High/Low tides using reversible turbines, and extracting heat from the Earth using Dry Steam or Wet Steam fields.
- Advanced Technologies: Magneto Hydro Dynamic (MHD) power generation principles and the working of Hydrogen-Oxygen Fuel Cells with their chemical reactions.

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